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 Description
Tetanus Vaccine is prepared by detoxifying the tetanus toxin produced by Clostridium tetani. The toxoid is purified and then adsorbed on Aluminium phosphate gel. Each dose contains not less than 5 Lf tetanus toxoid adsorbed on 1.5 mg. Aluminium phosphate gel. Thiomersal (0.01%) is used as preservative. Aluminium phosphate gel ensures sustained antibody stimulation giving rise to prolonged immunity against tetanus.
Indications
Prophylaxis against Tetanus: Immunization against tetanus is particularly indicated for persons who are exposed to the risk of tetanus after injury by reason of their occupational environment. These include agricultural, veterinary, sewage and outdoor workers and particularly children. Neo-natal tetanus, which has a very high mortality rate, is also preventable by active immunization of pregnant mothers with tetanus toxoid.
Immunization Schedule
The course of prophylactic immunization consists of 2 doses each of 0.5ml injected deep intramuscularly at an interval of 4 to 6 weeks between the doses. The vial should be shaken gently to suspend the contents uniformly before the dose is withdrawn. After the first 2 doses of adsorbed tetanus vaccine a booster dose of 0.5 ml is recommended 6 to 8 months later and whenever there is a tetanus prone injury. This will raise effectively the level of protective antibodies. Such vaccinees may not require additional prophylactic dose of antitetanus serum.
Adverse Reactions
Tetanus Vaccine adsorbed (PTAP) is prepared by growing the tetanus bacillus in protein free medium and is further highly purified before adsorption on aluminium phosphate gel. The reactions, if any, are therefore rare and mild. Repeated injections however may lead to sensitization and marked local reactions in vaccine with history of allergic manifestations. In such patients with history, sensitivity test should be taken.
Storage
It should be stored between 2oC to 8oC. Do not freeze
Presentation
Tetanus Vaccine Adsorbed (PTAP) is supplied in 5ml vials.
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